The term ‘paediatrics’ ‘is derived from a Greek word. It is comprised of two words pais= child & iatros= doctor/physician. It means mender or curer of children. So, paediatrics is a division which deals with medicine and fitness of new-borns, children & teenagers up to the age of 18.
Neonatology is also comprised of two Latin words, neo = new & natal = new born. It is the sub special department of paediatrics. It deals with the health of new born babies or pre-mature babies.
Paediatric emergency medicine (PEM) is a medical dimension of both paediatric and emergency care.

The term neonatal refers to the first 28 days of life. Hence, this is an intensive care unit for new born or premature infants or it deals with the supervision of ill children. Paediatric refers to the term where medical care is provided to the children from being an infant to the age of 18.